[13158] | 1 | /* $Id: biossums.c 100658 2023-07-20 07:43:52Z vboxsync $ */
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| 2 | /** @file
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| 3 | * Tool for modifying a BIOS image to write the BIOS checksum.
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| 4 | */
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| 5 |
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| 6 | /*
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[98103] | 7 | * Copyright (C) 2006-2023 Oracle and/or its affiliates.
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[13158] | 8 | *
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[96407] | 9 | * This file is part of VirtualBox base platform packages, as
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| 10 | * available from https://www.virtualbox.org.
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| 11 | *
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| 12 | * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
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| 13 | * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
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| 14 | * as published by the Free Software Foundation, in version 3 of the
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| 15 | * License.
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| 16 | *
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| 17 | * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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| 18 | * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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| 19 | * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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| 20 | * General Public License for more details.
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| 21 | *
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| 22 | * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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| 23 | * along with this program; if not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses>.
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| 24 | *
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| 25 | * SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-only
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[13158] | 26 | */
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| 27 |
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| 28 | #include <stdlib.h>
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| 29 | #include <stdio.h>
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| 30 | #include <string.h>
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[14047] | 31 | #include <stdarg.h>
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[13158] | 32 | #include <errno.h>
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[14076] | 33 | #ifndef RT_OS_WINDOWS
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| 34 | # include <unistd.h> /* unlink */
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| 35 | #endif
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[13158] | 36 |
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| 37 | typedef unsigned char uint8_t;
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| 38 |
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| 39 | static uint8_t abBios[64*1024];
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[14047] | 40 | static FILE *g_pIn = NULL;
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| 41 | static FILE *g_pOut = NULL;
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| 42 | static const char *g_pszOutFile = NULL;
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| 43 | static const char *g_argv0;
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[13158] | 44 |
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| 45 | /**
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[14047] | 46 | * Find where the filename starts in the given path.
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| 47 | */
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| 48 | static const char *name(const char *pszPath)
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| 49 | {
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| 50 | const char *psz = strrchr(pszPath, '/');
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| 51 | #if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__OS2__)
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| 52 | const char *psz2 = strrchr(pszPath, '\\');
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| 53 | if (!psz2)
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| 54 | psz2 = strrchr(pszPath, ':');
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| 55 | if (psz2 && (!psz || psz2 > psz))
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| 56 | psz = psz2;
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| 57 | #endif
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| 58 | return psz ? psz + 1 : pszPath;
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| 59 | }
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| 60 |
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| 61 | /**
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| 62 | * Report an error.
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| 63 | */
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| 64 | static int fatal(const char *pszFormat, ...)
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| 65 | {
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| 66 | va_list va;
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| 67 |
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| 68 | fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", name(g_argv0));
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| 69 |
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| 70 | va_start(va, pszFormat);
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| 71 | vfprintf(stderr, pszFormat, va);
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| 72 | va_end(va);
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| 73 |
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| 74 | /* clean up */
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| 75 | if (g_pIn)
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| 76 | fclose(g_pIn);
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| 77 | if (g_pOut)
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| 78 | fclose(g_pOut);
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| 79 | if (g_pszOutFile)
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| 80 | unlink(g_pszOutFile);
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| 81 |
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| 82 | return 1;
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| 83 | }
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| 84 |
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| 85 | /**
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[13158] | 86 | * Calculate the checksum.
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| 87 | */
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[14047] | 88 | static uint8_t calculateChecksum(uint8_t *pb, size_t cb, size_t iChecksum)
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[13158] | 89 | {
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[14047] | 90 | uint8_t u8Sum = 0;
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| 91 | size_t i;
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[13158] | 92 |
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| 93 | for (i = 0; i < cb; i++)
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| 94 | if (i != iChecksum)
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| 95 | u8Sum += pb[i];
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| 96 |
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| 97 | return -u8Sum;
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| 98 | }
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| 99 |
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| 100 | /**
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[14047] | 101 | * Find a header in the binary.
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| 102 | *
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[13158] | 103 | * @param pb Where to search for the signature
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| 104 | * @param cb Size of the search area
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| 105 | * @param pbHeader Pointer to the start of the signature
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| 106 | * @returns 0 if signature was not found, 1 if found or
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| 107 | * 2 if more than one signature was found */
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| 108 | static int searchHeader(uint8_t *pb, size_t cb, const char *pszHeader, uint8_t **pbHeader)
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| 109 | {
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| 110 | int fFound = 0;
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| 111 | unsigned int i;
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| 112 | size_t cbSignature = strlen(pszHeader);
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| 113 |
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| 114 | for (i = 0; i < cb; i += 16)
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| 115 | if (!memcmp(pb + i, pszHeader, cbSignature))
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| 116 | {
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| 117 | if (fFound++)
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| 118 | return 2;
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| 119 | *pbHeader = pb + i;
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| 120 | }
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| 121 |
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| 122 | return fFound;
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| 123 | }
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| 124 |
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| 125 | int main(int argc, char **argv)
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| 126 | {
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| 127 | FILE *pIn, *pOut;
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| 128 | size_t cbIn, cbOut;
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[100658] | 129 | int fAdapterBios = 0;
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| 130 | int fPIRQRequired = 0;
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| 131 | int fBIOS32Required = 0;
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| 132 | int fSMBIOSRequired = 0;
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[13158] | 133 |
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[14047] | 134 | g_argv0 = argv[0];
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| 135 |
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[100658] | 136 | while ((argc > 1) && (argv[1][0] == '-'))
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| 137 | {
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| 138 | if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-3"))
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| 139 | fBIOS32Required = 1;
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| 140 | else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-p"))
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| 141 | fPIRQRequired = 1;
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| 142 | else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-s"))
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| 143 | fSMBIOSRequired = 1;
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| 144 | else
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| 145 | return fatal("Invalid parameter: %s\n", argv[1]);
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| 146 |
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| 147 | argc--;
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| 148 | argv++;
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| 149 | }
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| 150 |
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[13158] | 151 | if (argc != 3)
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[14047] | 152 | return fatal("Input file name and output file name required.\n");
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[13158] | 153 |
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[14047] | 154 | pIn = g_pIn = fopen(argv[1], "rb");
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[13158] | 155 | if (!pIn)
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[14047] | 156 | return fatal("Error opening '%s' for reading (%s).\n", argv[1], strerror(errno));
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| 157 |
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| 158 | pOut = g_pOut = fopen(argv[2], "wb");
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[13158] | 159 | if (!pOut)
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[14047] | 160 | return fatal("Error opening '%s' for writing (%s).\n", argv[2], strerror(errno));
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| 161 | g_pszOutFile = argv[2];
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[13158] | 162 |
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[14047] | 163 | /* safety precaution (aka. complete paranoia :-) */
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[13158] | 164 | memset(abBios, 0, sizeof(abBios));
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| 165 |
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| 166 | cbIn = fread(abBios, 1, sizeof(abBios), pIn);
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| 167 | if (ferror(pIn))
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[14047] | 168 | return fatal("Error reading from '%s' (%s).\n", argv[1], strerror(errno));
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| 169 | g_pIn = NULL;
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[13158] | 170 | fclose(pIn);
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| 171 |
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| 172 | fAdapterBios = abBios[0] == 0x55 && abBios[1] == 0xaa;
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| 173 |
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| 174 | /* align size to page size */
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| 175 | if ((cbIn % 4096) != 0)
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| 176 | cbIn = (cbIn + 4095) & ~4095;
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| 177 |
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| 178 | if (!fAdapterBios && cbIn != 64*1024)
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[14047] | 179 | return fatal("Size of system BIOS is not 64KB!\n");
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[13158] | 180 |
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| 181 | if (fAdapterBios)
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| 182 | {
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| 183 | /* adapter BIOS */
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[14047] | 184 |
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[13158] | 185 | /* set the length indicator */
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| 186 | abBios[2] = (uint8_t)(cbIn / 512);
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| 187 | }
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| 188 | else
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| 189 | {
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| 190 | /* system BIOS */
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| 191 | size_t cbChecksum;
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| 192 | uint8_t u8Checksum;
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| 193 | uint8_t *pbHeader;
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| 194 |
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| 195 | /* Set the BIOS32 header checksum. */
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| 196 | switch (searchHeader(abBios, cbIn, "_32_", &pbHeader))
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| 197 | {
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| 198 | case 0:
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[100658] | 199 | if (fBIOS32Required)
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| 200 | return fatal("No BIOS32 header found!\n");
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| 201 | else
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| 202 | break;
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[13158] | 203 | case 2:
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[14047] | 204 | return fatal("More than one BIOS32 header found!\n");
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[13158] | 205 | case 1:
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| 206 | cbChecksum = (size_t)pbHeader[9] * 16;
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| 207 | u8Checksum = calculateChecksum(pbHeader, cbChecksum, 10);
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| 208 | pbHeader[10] = u8Checksum;
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| 209 | break;
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| 210 | }
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| 211 |
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| 212 | /* Set the PIR header checksum according to PCI IRQ Routing table
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| 213 | * specification version 1.0, Microsoft Corporation, 1996 */
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| 214 | switch (searchHeader(abBios, cbIn, "$PIR", &pbHeader))
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| 215 | {
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| 216 | case 0:
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[100658] | 217 | if (fPIRQRequired)
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| 218 | return fatal("No PCI IRQ routing table found!\n");
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| 219 | else
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| 220 | break;
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[13158] | 221 | case 2:
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[14047] | 222 | return fatal("More than one PCI IRQ routing table found!\n");
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[13158] | 223 | case 1:
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| 224 | cbChecksum = (size_t)pbHeader[6] + (size_t)pbHeader[7] * 256;
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| 225 | u8Checksum = calculateChecksum(pbHeader, cbChecksum, 31);
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| 226 | pbHeader[31] = u8Checksum;
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| 227 | break;
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| 228 | }
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| 229 |
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| 230 | /* Set the SMBIOS header checksum according to System Management BIOS
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| 231 | * Reference Specification Version 2.5, DSP0134. */
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| 232 | switch (searchHeader(abBios, cbIn, "_SM_", &pbHeader))
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| 233 | {
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| 234 | case 0:
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[100658] | 235 | if (fBIOS32Required)
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| 236 | return fatal("No SMBIOS header found!\n");
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| 237 | else
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| 238 | break;
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[13158] | 239 | case 2:
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[14047] | 240 | return fatal("More than one SMBIOS header found!\n");
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[13158] | 241 | case 1:
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| 242 | /* at first fix the DMI header starting at SMBIOS header offset 16 */
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| 243 | u8Checksum = calculateChecksum(pbHeader+16, 15, 5);
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| 244 | pbHeader[21] = u8Checksum;
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| 245 |
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| 246 | /* now fix the checksum of the whole SMBIOS header */
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| 247 | cbChecksum = (size_t)pbHeader[5];
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| 248 | u8Checksum = calculateChecksum(pbHeader, cbChecksum, 4);
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| 249 | pbHeader[4] = u8Checksum;
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| 250 | break;
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| 251 | }
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[95018] | 252 |
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| 253 | /* If there is a VPD table, adjust its checksum. */
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| 254 | switch (searchHeader(abBios, cbIn, "\xAA\x55VPD", &pbHeader))
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| 255 | {
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| 256 | case 0:
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| 257 | break; /* VPD is optional */
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| 258 | case 2:
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| 259 | return fatal("More than one VPD header found!\n");
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| 260 | case 1:
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| 261 | cbChecksum = (size_t)pbHeader[5];
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| 262 | if (cbChecksum < 0x30)
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| 263 | return fatal("VPD size too small!\n");
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| 264 | u8Checksum = calculateChecksum(pbHeader, cbChecksum, cbChecksum - 1);
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| 265 | pbHeader[cbChecksum - 1] = u8Checksum;
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| 266 | break;
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| 267 | }
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[13158] | 268 | }
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| 269 |
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| 270 | /* set the BIOS checksum */
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| 271 | abBios[cbIn-1] = calculateChecksum(abBios, cbIn, cbIn - 1);
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| 272 |
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| 273 | cbOut = fwrite(abBios, 1, cbIn, pOut);
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| 274 | if (ferror(pOut))
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[14047] | 275 | return fatal("Error writing to '%s' (%s).\n", g_pszOutFile, strerror(errno));
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| 276 | g_pOut = NULL;
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| 277 | if (fclose(pOut))
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| 278 | return fatal("Error closing '%s' (%s).\n", g_pszOutFile, strerror(errno));
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[13158] | 279 |
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| 280 | return 0;
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| 281 | }
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[14047] | 282 |
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